Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors and Linux.

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From: H. Peter Anvin
Date: Wednesday, October 1, 2008 - 5:39 pm

Zachary Amsden wrote:

Ah, if it was only that simple.  Transmeta actually did this, but it's 
not as useful as you think.

There are at least three crystals in modern PCs: one at 32.768 kHz (for 
the RTC), one at 14.31818 MHz (PIT, PMTMR and HPET), and one at a higher 
frequency (often 200 MHz.)

All the main data distribution clocks in the system are derived from the 
third, which is subject to spread-spectrum modulation due to RFI 
concerns.  Therefore, relying on the *nominal* frequency of this clock 
is vastly incorrect; often by as much as 2%.  Spread-spectrum modulation 
is supposed to vary around zero enough that the spreading averages out, 
but the only way to know what the center frequency actually is is to 
average.  Furthermore, this high-frequency clock is generally not 
calibrated anywhere near as well as the 14 MHz clock; in good designs 
the 14 MHz is actually a TCXO (temperature compensated crystal 
oscillator), which is accurate to something like ±2 ppm.

	-hpa
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Messages in current thread:
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 11:04 am)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 11:06 am)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 11:12 am)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 11:36 am)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 12:56 pm)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Wed Oct 1, 2:17 pm)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., H. Peter Anvin, (Wed Oct 1, 5:39 pm)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Tue Oct 7, 4:41 pm)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Tue Oct 7, 4:45 pm)
Re: [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors ..., Jeremy Fitzhardinge, (Tue Oct 7, 5:40 pm)